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Hardscaping 101: Design Guide for Edible Gardens

There's a reason more than half of all gardeners plan to grow edibles this year. Food you grow tastes better, is healthier for you, and fills you with a quiet feeling of pioneer satisfaction. Actually, that's a lot of reasons. Our Design Guide for Edible Gardens includes 40 of our most popular posts to make yours easy to plant, a pleasure to cultivate, beautiful to look at—and delicious to eat:

Garden Design and Layout

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pea gravel paths edible garden beds ; Gardenista

Above: Pea gravel paths keep weeds down and feel pleasant underfoot in a garden by Susan Cohan Designs. For more, see Hardscaping 101: Pea Gravel.

An edible garden should be as beautiful as it is useful. A pleasing design will lure you to spend time more time in the garden, where you'll discover that weeding, staking, and fertilizing will only make it lovelier. For inspiration, see 136 images of our favorite Edible Gardens in the Gardenista Photo Gallery.

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mix ornamental and edible plants in kitchen garden ; Gardenista

Above: Garlic and echinacea are both blooming in A Cook's Garden in Upstate New York. Photograph by Laura Silverman.

Whether your edible garden is tiny or vast, choose a design that mixes ornamental and edible plants. Lay out paths that are a comfortable width and use material that feels good underfoot. Garden beds should be generously sized but narrow enough for you to weed without stepping into them. For edible garden design tips, see Hardscaping 101: Raised Garden Beds.

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Edible garden bed layout design ; Gardenista

Above: Raised beds allow you to control the quality of soil. Uniformity in shape, size, and height creates a pleasing layout. For more of this garden, see The Ultimate Edible Garden, Courtesy of a California Master.

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Drip irrigation on water trough raised beds ; Gardenista

Above: If space is tight, even a single raised bed is enough for an edible garden. We like the technique of turning a water trough into an edible garden. For tips, see Steal This Look: Water Troughs as Raised Beds.

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Elegant deer proof fencing edible kitchen garden Hamptons ; Gardenista

Above: An elegant deer proof fence for an edible garden on Long Island's East End. For more about how this garden was designed, see The Landscape Designer Is In: Elegant Deer Fencing, Hamptons Edition.

Don't tell the deer we said this, but deer proofing is an essential part of the design process. For tips, see The Garden Designer is In: Deer Proofing an Edible Garden.

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Drip irrigation system at The French Laundry in Yountville ; Gardenista

Above: The drip irrigation system at the French Laundry in Yountville, CA.

When you design an edible garden bed, lay out a drip irrigation system before you plant. For the basics, see Hardscaping 101: Drip Irrigation.

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Sheila Bonnell Orleans Cape Cod Kitchen Garden ; Gardenista

Above: Architect Sheila Bonnell waters her edible garden the old-fashioned way on Cape Cod. For more of her garden, see Architect Visit: A Kitchen Garden on Cape Cod. Photograph by Matthew Williams.

Choosing Plants and Seeds

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cilantro seeds John Merkl ; Gardenista

Above: In winter you can sprout seeds indoors to transplant into the spring garden. Early crops, such as lettuces, can be sown directly into the ground in March when the dirt soft enough to work with a trowel.

Some of our favorite sources for seeds are Jardin Seed Co. (which sells 135 varieties of heirloom seeds); Kitazawa Seed Co. (which sells more than 250 varieties of traditional heirloom vegetables from Japan), and family-owned Homestead Seeds (with more than 200 varieties of heirloom squash, pumpkin, and gourd seeds).

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Jardin heirloom seeds ; Gardenista

Above: If you have a small space (or are growing edibles indoors, consider growing microgreens for salad. For tips, see Ask the Expert: 9 Tips to Grow Edible Microgreens.

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artichoke in garden ; Gardenista

Above: Photograph via Star Apple Gardens.

What companions are you going to plant—and where? It's important that the plants in your edible garden be friends. It's a little bit like drawing up a classroom seating chart for middle school students. For ideas, see DIY: Plants Have Best Friends Too.

For tips about which plants are friendly (and which need their space), see our Field Guides. We have dozens of growing guides for herbs such as Rosemary and Basil; for vegetables like Brussels Sprouts and Kale, and for fruits including Apples and Persimmons. And we've given them all nicknames. Guess which plant we (affectionately) call "Better Bletted?"

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Edible salad nasturtium pansy pansies petals Kendra Wilson ; Gardenista

Above: Kendra eats flowers in her salad. Photograph by Kendra Wilson.

Make room for edible flowers in your vegetable garden. Not only are they delicious, they'll also add a little color to the kale's cheeks. For tips on growing and eating edible flowers, see DIY: Add Edible Flowers to Your Salad and Laura Silverman's recipe for Flower-Flavored Butter.

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revive your cold frame with herbs | gardenista

Above: Looking for the basics? For tips on growing Lettuces, Tomatoes, Carrots, and Chives, see our Field Guide archives.

Seed Starting and Cold Frames

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Old Farmers' Almanac ; Gardenista

Above: Know your climate. Before we try to grow anything, we like to consult The Old Farmers' Almanac (and not just because it's a "hoot," in Jeanne's opinion). This little book's format hasn't changed much since it was first published in 1792 (when George Washington was president). And it's still chock full of useful weather and climate information. If we're in a hurry, we might skip over the pages of astrological advice and go right to the section on crop rotation. 

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gardening 101 sprout a seed l Gardenista

Above: In winter or early spring, sprout seeds in homemade newspaper pots. Because the paper is biodegradable, you can transplant the pots directly into the garden. For more, see Gardening 101: How to Sprout a Seed and DIY: How to Make Newspaper Pots.

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cold frame in winter with lettuces ; Gardenista
 

Above: A cold frame in fashion designer Courtney Klein's San Francisco backyard is built of 10-foot-long redwood planks. For more of her garden, see Courtney Klein's Mission District Backyard.

To get a jump on the spring growing season, start seeds and keep seedlings warm in a cold frame. It's essentially a warming hut for plants; see Janet's comprehensive Hardscaping 101: Cold Frames for everything you need to know to get going.

If you've got an old cold frame you haven't used in a while, Erin figured out that it's easy to DIY: Revive a Cold Frame.

What to Eat

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First Lady Michelle Obama in the White House edible vegetable herb garden ; Gardenista

Above: First Lady Michelle Obama dug up the grass on the White House lawn for the first time since World War II to plant herbs and vegetables. See more of her edible garden at Steal This Look: Michelle Obama's White House Garden.

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Marie Viljoen fennel paste ; Gardenista

Above: Cookbook author Marie Viljoen harvests year-round from an edible garden planted on her Harlem terrace. Try her Fennel Pesto and Mushrooms á la Greque. And browse through more of our 234 Garden-to-Table Recipes for more ideas.

Guides and Handbooks

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Edible kitchen garden England UK ; Gardenista
 

Above: Photograph by Jason Ingram.

Whether your edible garden is grand or humble, it helps to have a guidebook. We've dogeared quite a few pages of advice (and inspiration) about how to design, plant, and grow an edible garden. Some of our favorite books on the subject are The Beautiful Edible Garden, The Edible Balcony, Kitchen Garden Experts, and The Old Farmers' Almanac.

For more edible gardening, see:

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